per quod

per quod
/par kwod/ Whereby. When the declaration in an action of tort, after stating the acts complained of, goes on to allege the consequences of those acts as a ground of special damage to the plaintiff, the recital of such consequences is prefaced by these words, "per quod," whereby; and sometimes the phrase is used as the name of that clause of the declaration or complaint.
At the common law, "per quod" acquired two meanings in the law of defamation: when used in the frame of reference of slander it meant proof of special damages was required and when used in the frame of reference of libel it meant that proof of extrinsic circumstances was required. General Motors Corp. v. Piskor, 27 Md.App. 95, 340 A.2d 767, 783.
See also libelous per quod. Words "actionable per quod" are those not actionable per se upon their face, but are only actionable in consequence of extrinsic facts showing circumstances under which they were said or the damages resulting to slandered party therefrom.
See also actionable per quod

Black's law dictionary. . 1990.

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  • per quod — /pər kwäd, ˌper kwōd/ adv or adj [Latin, whereby]: on the basis of or with reference to extrinsic circumstances statements are considered defamatory per quod if the defamatory character of the statement is not apparent on its face Kolegas v.… …   Law dictionary

  • Per quod — is a Latin phrase (meaning whereby ) used to illustrate that the existence of a thing or an idea is on the basis of external circumstances not explicit. Legal Example Statements are considered defamatory per quod if the defamatory character of… …   Wikipedia

  • per quod defamatory — See libelous per quod; slanderous per quod …   Ballentine's law dictionary

  • per quod — By which; by means of which …   Ballentine's law dictionary

  • libel per quod — / pər kwäd, per kwōd/ n: libel that is actionable only when the plaintiff introduces additional facts to show defamation or claims special damages Merriam Webster’s Dictionary of Law. Merriam Webster. 1996 …   Law dictionary

  • libelous per quod — /layblas par kwod/ Expressions libelous per quod are such as require that their injurious character or effect be established by allegation and proof. They are those expressions which are not actionable upon their face, but which become so by… …   Black's law dictionary

  • libelous per quod — /layblas par kwod/ Expressions libelous per quod are such as require that their injurious character or effect be established by allegation and proof. They are those expressions which are not actionable upon their face, but which become so by… …   Black's law dictionary

  • words actionable per quod — See libelous per quod; slanderous per quod …   Ballentine's law dictionary

  • actionable per quod — n. Actions that require the allegation and proof of additional facts. For example, in libel or slander, the statement in question may not appear defamatory on its face (such as Mr. Smith is a member of a particular club ), so the plaintiff has to …   Law dictionary

  • slanderous per quod — See per quod …   Black's law dictionary

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